中国彩票业市场分析报告.，彩票购买者有意择号指数的完善与应用李刚中国财政经济出版社97875223书 下载 pdf 电子版 epub 免费 txt 2025

彩票购买者心理健康是责任彩票战略的核心内容，它保证了彩票发行的“过程公益”，彩票公益金切实用于公益事业保证了“结果公益”，两者共同构成了政府垄断发行彩票的合法性基石，并且过程公益比结果公益更为重要。以行为经济学为视角，根据数理统计模型，本书完善了中国彩票购买者有意择号行为的指标体系，并进行了中国体育彩票、福利彩票以外国代表性彩票品种相应指标加以比较。我们发现，中国彩票购买者有意择号行为程度偏高，并主要表现为强烈的赌徒谬误错误心理，并且体育彩票购买者非理性程度高于福利彩票购买者；彩票规则对购买者有意择号行为有明显影响，关注这一行为对于中国彩票机构有重大意义。中国彩票相关机构应当制订合理规则缓解彩票购买者有意择号行为，策略性提高单注奖金封顶限额，继续从严控制高频类各品种玩法，并向国际彩票领域推广本书指标体系。本书所构建的方法与体系，可以普适地应用于各种玩法彩票，结果也更加准确，进而提供了一套能够及时而准确地反应中国彩票购买者心理健康程度的“晴雨表”。本书还将描述各时期和各品种彩票购买者的有意择号程度，找出其影响因素并与国外彩票相关情况对比。在此基础上，我们将为相关部门制订“问题彩民”相关政策提供突破口与着力点，为其实施“责任彩票“战略提供思路。

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在线购买地址：中国彩票业市场分析报告.，彩票购买者有意择号指数的完善与应用李刚中国财政经济出版社97875223书在线购买

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书籍介绍

彩票购买者心理健康是责任彩票战略的核心内容，它保证了彩票发行的“过程公益”，彩票公益金切实用于公益事业保证了“结果公益”，两者共同构成了政府垄断发行彩票的合法性基石，并且过程公益比结果公益更为重要。以行为经济学为视角，根据数理统计模型，本书完善了中国彩票购买者有意择号行为的指标体系，并进行了中国体育彩票、福利彩票以外国代表性彩票品种相应指标加以比较。我们发现，中国彩票购买者有意择号行为程度偏高，并主要表现为强烈的赌徒谬误错误心理，并且体育彩票购买者非理性程度高于福利彩票购买者；彩票规则对购买者有意择号行为有明显影响，关注这一行为对于中国彩票机构有重大意义。中国彩票相关机构应当制订合理规则缓解彩票购买者有意择号行为，策略性提高单注奖金封顶限额，继续从严控制高频类各品种玩法，并向国际彩票领域推广本书指标体系。本书所构建的方法与体系，可以普适地应用于各种玩法彩票，结果也更加准确，进而提供了一套能够及时而准确地反应中国彩票购买者心理健康程度的“晴雨表”。本书还将描述各时期和各品种彩票购买者的有意择号程度，找出其影响因素并与国外彩票相关情况对比。在此基础上，我们将为相关部门制订“问题彩民”相关政策提供突破口与着力点，为其实施“责任彩票“战略提供思路。

• 作者：穿风衣的猫 发布时间：2013-05-23 17:18:44

  朱先生不会以项羽的虎气和刘邦的猴气来比附主席的，就事论史就行了。真说功业，朱先生不如讲讲宇文泰。

• 作者：巫师 发布时间：2015-02-03 14:24:38

  这本书为什么要打这么高的分？就因为作者把游戏放到一个艺术形式的高度去讨论，把游戏的社会责任递到大家面前去面对？

  对于一个想从书中了解到，到底是哪些要素会让游戏更有趣的读者来说，这本书能收获的东西实在很少。不实用。

  200多页的书，有一半是作者自己的简笔画，因为这本书想要论述的问题很脱离正常游戏开发者有能力关心的范畴，所以这些看起来画龙点睛的简笔画也没有多少吸引力。而且很多页只有一半不到的文字。所以这本书其实大概只有50页。

  不是作者对游戏的理解定位述求确实说得都在理，这书真想打1分。虽说他说的很多都对，却基本是一个游戏从业者应该思考过的问题，几乎没有提供多少新的思考角度，相当于老调重弹，把大家都应该知道的东西说一遍，更别说说的内容离一般游戏制作人的能力范畴隔得多远了。差评。

• 作者：秋山雪見 发布时间：2024-04-27 13:19:53

  在远东地区的波兰人维持社群的四大支柱分别是东亚贸易、教育文化、教会以及波兰人协会组织，贸易是其维持社群活动的经济来源，属于波兰人扎根远东的物质前提，其中波兰与日本的经贸联系最为紧密。而后三大支柱则是文化性的。波兰文化曾经在东欧占统治性地位，即便作为实体的波兰王国已经不存在，但是波兰文化教育与文化活动、波兰语报刊的出版仍是维系波兰人离散族群共同体的重要纽带，即维持“波兰性”。

• 作者：L.A.M.B 发布时间：2023-08-03 09:34:09

  3.5吧，论技巧教学，日本台版那一本书更好《攀岩技術教本》这本告诉你什么是攀岩，什么是室内攀岩。

• 作者：黄澄澄 发布时间：2009-06-15 22:20:10

  没看完

• 作者：zjmr 发布时间：2019-08-03 11:08:28

  读的第一本新网格本，不管别人怎么评论这套书，我决定把后面几年的外国文学阅读都交给这套书了，排版太舒服了，而且很轻，特别适合阅读。

  我觉得高老头爱得还是不够彻底，爱一个人，是包容她的所有，是不计较得失，是不需要回报，“如果你要，把我的那部分天堂带走，我独自下地狱”，高老头做不到，他还是把感情作为投资，不是最纯粹的爱。

• 《扎根》英文版书评

  作者：与拉玛有约 发布时间：2012-02-05 07:10:45

  这是我在2009年应MCLC出版中心邀请，给《扎根》的英文版写的书评。

  原文发表链接：

  http://mclc.osu.edu/rc/pubs/reviews/song.htm

  "We're going to Hongze Lake to eat fish!" Thus announces the intellectual Tao Peiyi at the beginning of Han Dong's novel Zhagen, when the Tao family is about to be banished by the Party authorities from their home in Nanjing and move into a small village in the poverty-stricken Subei area (northern Jiangsu). Nicky Harman translates the title Zhagen, which literally means "striking root" or, metaphorically, "settling down," into Banished! The English seems to present a meaning opposite to what the original title signifies, but it nevertheless lays bare the poignant irony the latter connotes. "Zhagen" is a political term used to sugarcoat Mao's infamous policy that aimed to have millions of intellectuals, "liberal-minded" cadres as well as educated youths uplifted from their urban homes and exiled permanently to China's rural area. It is a policy that Mao first adopted to punish his political challengers during his reign in Yan'an, and it was executed on a much larger scale in the late 1960s when Mao desired to reorganize the sabotaged social order after the Cultural Revolution swept the entire country. By calling it "zhagen," the communists put a varnish on this punishment by making it look like a voluntary act that the punished enjoyed doing out of their own will.

  Han Dong's protagonist, Tao Peiyi, appears to be one of those who would voluntarily turn his banishment into an opportunity to start building a new home on the "virgin soil." Tao's profession as a troubled writer and his experience of being banished are identical to those of Han Dong's father, Han Jianguo (1930-1979), better known as "Fang Zhi," the pseudonym with which he published around two dozen short stories. Fang Zhi became famous during the Hundred Flowers movement (1957), when he followed the then literary trend "to intervene in life" by playing out a youthful wish to edit a literary magazine outside the official system. The title of the magazine is Tansuozhe (Explorers), a name that, together with Wang Meng's audacious portrait of the challenge of a "young man" newly arrived in the "organization department,"[1] remains in PRC's intellectual history a testimony to the short-lived liberal trend of the Hundred Flowers. However, Fang Zhi's magazine never saw publication. When Mao suddenly launched the Anti-rightist campaign in the autumn of 1957 to retaliate against the young challengers that emerged in the Hundred Flowers, Fang Zhi, as well as his co-editors and fellow writers Ye Zhicheng, Lu Wenfu and Gao Xiaosheng,[2] was criticized and required to stop all literary activities.

  Han Dong does not even bother to fictionalize; he presents a straightforward account of his father's past experience in the life history of Tao Peiyi,[3] who is the most vividly depicted character in Banished!. On the surface, Tao displays a strong sense "politically correctness." He does not complain about being expelled from the city or from his work unit, and from day one of his new life in the shabby village of Sanyu he seems to be fully committed to the cause of "settling down." The first two chapters describe in great technical detail how Tao overcomes all kinds of difficulties to build a new home for his family and "merge" with the peasants--the local villagers. However, as a good satirist, Han Dong makes the plain words sound parodic, the realistic depictions appear ironic, and the straightforward looks crooked.

  Han Dong, born in 1961, first gained fame as a leading poet of the avant-garde "Third Generation," which sought to revamp China's poetry scene in the middle of the 1980s with their unconventional poems. Han Dong revived his father's old dream by launching an unofficial poetry magazine, Tamen (Them, 1985-1995), and his own poems caught the attention of critics for their adept use of the colloquial style, unique way of metaphysicizing ordinary scenes from life, and subtle handling of irony and parody. He started writing short stories and novellas in the 1990s, and his fiction tends to enlarge his poetic vision in a more objective and realistic way. Banished!, Han Dong's first full-length novel, epitomizes many characteristics of his earlier poetic and fictional writings.

  Although the novel spares no effort to describe Tao Peiyi and his family members' enthusiasm for beginning a new life in exile, its densely detailed portrayal of their mental and physical activities often works to create a contrary effect. In the first two chapters, a lengthy account of nearly every aspect of their life in Sanyu Village, though wrapped in an overall optimistic outlook, nevertheless brings to light many minute details that indicate the existence of a bleak, harsh reality as well as the unthinkable inconveniences it produces. A major project for the Taos is to build a solid house so they can move away from the cowshed where they have "temporarily" lived for a year. The narrator tells us: "The project had been in the planning for some time. There was to be no skimping since, as Tao put it, they were to 'dig in' here for many generations" (20). The narrative, too, does not skimp in its depictions and explanations of the planning and construction process. The narrative of the house-building process is full of technical information, paralleled by the recounting of the corresponding cautiousness of every member of the Tao family: Tao, his wife Su Qun, his son, and his parents. Here, it is Tao's father's obsessive pursuit of perfection in the mundane affairs--not limited to building the house--that gives away the "secret" of this family: they are optimists not without principles, and their principles are to use every means possible to adjust to their new reality.

  The irony in the novel lies in Tao Peiyi's tendency to give every difficult situation a positive skew, as illustrated by his announcement at the beginning of the novel that they are going to Hongze Lake to eat fish, which serves as a tactic to sooth the psychological uneasiness of his family, and himself, at a time when their fate seems to have been sealed by the banishment. Furthermore, Tao even plays the trick of the "spiritual victory" with his family members by making them believe that they have maintained a friendly relationship with the villagers, have served the people by providing scientific and medical help, and have built their home on fresh virgin soil; in fact, however, his father has to keep bribing the villagers with cigarettes, food, and money, he and his wife are working extra hard to study agriculture and medicine books in their spare time, and his vision of the "virgin soil" is actually based on faint memories of the nineteenth century Russian novels he read before his downfall. The reality is that none of his family members could stand the suffocating smell of the pig bed.

  Tao tries to raise his son, young Tao, to become a peasant. He feels worried when he sees his son intimidated by the challenges of village life, but later he finds joy in young Tao's addiction to cruel, abusive killings. Chapter Five presents a brutal depiction of young Tao's abuse of small animals and his indulgence in killing off chicken and fish: "Tao, whose opinion counted most to the boy, believed that these killing sprees showed the kind of courage that a boy ought to have and that would serve him well in his future in Sanyu" (90). But a rather touching part of the novel is its chronicle of the "dog years" that seems to serve as a contrast to young Tao's cruelty in killing, but may well be read as a supplement to it. During their decade-long stay in Sanyu, the Tao family raises four dogs one after another. The villagers succeed in plotting to kill and eat the first two, Patch and Snowy, who are unusually plump because of the Tao family's residual habit of feeding them with human food. In order to avoid the sadness of seeing their beloved dogs killed, the Tao family learns to treat the next two dogs, Brownie and Blackie, "badly," like the villagers normally do; as a result, they do not grow into nice, fat dogs, and they survive. The way the author portrays the Taos' care for their dogs, concerns with their fate, and grief over their death injects the novel with some of its most humanized moments. Probably for this reason, the narrator prefers to use the names of the different dogs to mark the passing of the Taos' years spent in Sanyu:

  You will often read in the pages that follow, "When the Taos had Patch . . . "; "When Snowy was still alive . . ."; "Not long after they got Brownie . . ."; or "During Blackie's time . . ." My readers may find this strange, but young Tao would definitely have approved. (86)

  One of the saddest and most gripping episodes in the novel is not about the suffering of the Taos, who work step by step to adjust to the inhumanly harsh environment; it takes place instead after the castration of their second dog Snowy, who, as an animal, has no way of consoling himself:

  The vet took out a knife, felt gently between the dog's legs, and suddenly there was a gush of blood. Snowy yelped loudly, and young Tao, who was holding his back legs down, nearly jumped out of his skin.

  When released from the garden fork, Snowy jumped up and ran off toward the production team fields to the south of the house, hopping on three legs. He yelped as he ran and left drops of fresh blood behind him that made a dotted trail on the ground. Young Tao followed his tracks as far as the banks of the Yanma River. Snowy had stopped by then but still stood with one leg raised. His crotch was all bloodied, and the hair on his legs was all red too.

  Young Tao made several attempts to get near Snowy, but each time the dog jumped away. When the boy stood still, so did he, looking at young Tao with eyes full of fear. Intermittently he whimpered. This scene on the riverbank continued until it grew dark.

  Young Tao stayed with Snowy because he was afraid that if he left him, the dog would not get home on his own. He remembered that when they had moved to the new house, Patch had refused to leave the cowshed with similar obstinacy. And Snowy of course had good reason to be upset. In the growing gloom, Snowy's white coat faded away until only a pair of dog's eyes and the ripples on the surface of the water glittered in the darkness. Young Tao crept closer and closer until finally he succeeded in touching Snowy's damp head. (81)

  Without the set of fully developed psychological tactics the Taos use to keep themselves immune from tragedies and sufferings, Snowy, with his yelps, strips naked the truth of being punished, abused, and banished. Another intriguing moment in the novel is when the narrator reveals why young Tao loves dogs so much but never hesitates to abuse the cat and some other small animals. The cat does not have a name, and young Tao uses every means to mistreat her. But even the chicks evade the fate of being turned into food after receiving names from the Taos:

  One day Tao had time on his hands and had the bright idea of giving them names. One was molting and had patches of thick and thin feathering. Tao called him Tattered Jacket. Another had a great tuft of tail feathers that swayed as he walked, and Tao called him Palm-Leaf Fan. And that was that. When they had grown enough to be killed, the Taos could not bring themselves to do it because they would be killing not just any young cockerels but Palm-Leaf Fan and Tattered Jacket. Protected by their names, the cockerels grew up and began to crow and to rape the hens. (33-34)

  The stirring power of this paragraph is its penetrating observation of a seemingly normal type of human psychology that appears to be so fragile, and yet so easy to maintain--just by humanizing the things around, even if this is acted out by a most childish wish. But we cannot overlook the fact that that same childish wish drives young Tao to kill hundreds of fish and some chicks who lack the luck of Palm-Leaf Fan and Tattered Jacket--probably because they do not have a name!

  Compared with Han Dong's shorter fiction works and his more recent novel--Xiaocheng haohan zhi yingtemaiwang (The heroic deeds of the bandits in a small town, 2008), Banished! achieves a better balance between realism and irony, sincerity and cynicism. The narrator displays a well composed style, which Nicky Harman's translation successfully renders into English, as the well-paced narrative of a family's adventure unfolds taking readers through a multitude of small events that turn their life story into a small part of a larger tragedy staged across the entire nation. The Tao family's story sounds especially tragic when Tao Peiyi's wish for the family to "settle down" as peasants seems to have been realized. But contrary to his original plan, the family "settles down" only after its older members start dying one after another: "So it seemed they had to continue Striking Root; only the result would not be young Tao's settling down in Sanyu, but Tao and Su Qun growing old [and dying] in Hongze. Going home was possible only when there was a home to go to. Home was where your roots were. Su Qun and Tao would be those roots for young Tao, would plunge them deeply into the earth, so that one day, when their son was old and gray-haired, he could return home" (223).

  Tao Peiyi dies one year after his rehabilitation. When he's dying, his son is studying at a university in another city. Unlike Han Dong, Young Tao never returns to Nanjing after his graduation.[4] When he thinks of "home," he dreams of the bleak house his father built in the village. But he does not feel sure about it, so he is never able to speak out the location of his "old home" confidently. We may borrow Ch'u Tien-hsin's famous phrase to say: "We cannot call a place home if no family member dies there."[5] In young Tao's case, home becomes a ghostly place when the family members have died.

  Mingwei Song

  Wellesley College

  Notes:

  [1] This image of the "newcomer" is found in Wang Meng's short story "Zuzhibu laile ge nianqingren" (A young man arrives at the organization department), which was published in Renmin wenxue (People's literature) in September 1956. It first received wide praise from critics but soon became the target of criticism when Mao launched the Anti-rightist campaign.

  [2] Lu Wenfu and Gao Xiaosheng later became important writers during China's reform era. Ye Zhicheng worked as a literary editor, and he's the father of the novelist Ye Zhaoyan.

  [3] Han Dong uses the title of his father's magazine Tansuozhe (Explorers) to name Tao Peiyi's planned literary magazine, which later causes him trouble (p. 167).

  [4] The author, after teaching Marxist philosophy in a university in Xi'an for a few years, returned to his hometown Nanjing in the late 1980s, and he has lived there ever since.

  [5] Zhu Tianxin, "Xiang wo juancun de xiongdimen" (Thinking of my brothers in the military residence). In Zhonghua xiandai wenxue daxi (Compendium of Chinese modern literature). Taipei: Jiuge, 2003, vol. 9, p. 996.

• 你想懂战略，从胜利的法则开始。

  作者：苏二读书 发布时间：2017-05-28 12:28:09

  一提到“战略”这个词，最先想到的是战争，可是细细一想，战略却无时不在，无刻不在，大到战场，商场，职场，小到个人生活，几乎处处都有战略的身影。

  随着商业竞争的加剧，为了学习战略，很多人都在研习经典，其中我国的《孙子兵法》是无数人为之倾倒的兵法著作。

  可是仅仅读了《孙子兵法》，就说懂得战略，这还是远远不够的，人类历史几千年，东西方名人辈出，和平时代，战略的运营更多的是在商业方面，战略对于商场的重要性而言，跟在战场一样重要，尤其是后面德鲁克，科特勒，包括麦肯锡咨询等，对于战略在生产，企业，商业上的定义，让人耳目一新。

  只读一本《孙子兵法》不够，你可以试着读读铃木博毅的《胜利的法则： 从孙子兵法到麦肯锡的商业战争智慧》。

  

  《胜利的法则： 从孙子兵法到麦肯锡的商业战争智慧》筛选了人类三千年来有用的重要战略，孙子，亚历山大大帝，拿破仑，泰勒，德鲁克，麦肯锡等等，古代战争和现代商业有共通的“胜利法则”，从这些古代战争战略中筛选出对于现代商业有益的战略，与现代企业战略结合在一起，综合体会应用，找到解决商业问题途径的方略。

  也就是书中说的“从无数战略中，我们获得了超越个人的智慧。”

  个人在读完这本书后，觉得战略的运用不仅在商业上，也可以在职场上，生活中，个人管理方面。

  在拿破仑的成功中，铃木博毅在书中指出，拿破仑在法国危急的时刻，实施了“全国总动员法”，从国民中征兵20万，法国于是摇身变为拥有强大军队的国家，同时提高士兵国家主人翁的爱国意识。

  而且拿破仑又建立了提高军队远征能力和机动性的“军团制度”，常常能够一支军团吸引牵制敌军，多军团进行合围歼敌，并且屡试不爽。在“三皇会战”中，就是运营这个策略，取得胜利。

  这样使得法国从国中无军，军队战力差，变成军容强大，执行力高，战力旺盛的军队，再加上拿破仑的军事指挥天才，法军得以横行欧洲，无敌欧洲大陆。

  拿破仑根据自身的形势，把自己的优势迅速发挥到最大化，提高士兵主人翁意识，军团制度在商业上可以衍化为，商业的事业部制度，采用奖励，员工持股等手段，提高员工积极性，打造具有公司主人翁意识的员工，建立协同的事业部组织，如果再加上优秀的领导，这个商业组织成功的可能性就非常大。

  

  同样，普鲁士在被拿破仑打败后，四名普鲁士将军被俘虏，其中就有《战争论》作者克劳塞维茨，在被交换回国后，他们深刻分析法军优势，对普鲁士军队和社会制度进行了改革，最终战胜了法军。

  根据法军建军特点，也建立国民军，军团等制度，培养爱国主义，根据上述法国兵团作战特点，制定策略，为了防止 被合围，一旦侧翼受到法军攻击就迅速撤退，因此法国军队的优势被大大削弱，弱点也被找到。

  在1813年的莱比锡会战中，联合同盟从东，南，北紧紧的将法军困在其中，并最终取得胜利。

  这从商业上来讲，除了“知己知彼”外，还有要提高速度，规模，在吸收对手长处后，根据自身情形，迅速转化形成自身优势。

  《胜利的法则： 从孙子兵法到麦肯锡的商业战争智慧》书中也提到很多现代的战略理论。

  在德鲁克的自我管理战略里，让管理者领会到，在管理好自身的同时，也管理好组织，拿出成果，要形成在事业场合中逆流而上的习惯。

  在彼得斯的改变人生的战略里，让人明白怎么能够熟练利用“霍桑效应”，突破自身限制，强化执行力，激情的取得一个又一个成果。

  这些不仅在商业上，在个人管理上也有借鉴意义。

  铃木博毅在《胜利的法则： 从孙子兵法到麦肯锡的商业战争智慧》中精选了古今中外30个重要的战略，熟读这些战略，就可以在商业谈判中口若悬河，滔滔不绝。

  如果你想懂战略，不妨从这本“胜利的法则”开始。