海外中国戏曲研究译丛：中国京剧和梅兰芳 下载 pdf 电子版 epub 免费 txt 2025

本书由“梅兰芳小史”“中国京剧概要”“京剧的欣赏方法”“剧中的梅兰芳”“梅郎评”“常演剧本概要”“梅郎杂话”“名曲原本”“咏梅集”九个部分组成，正文前附有冯耿光、罗惇曧、大仓喜八郎、龙居赖三的题字和梁士诒、李宣倜的题辞，还有听花散人、乌江散人的序和梅兰芳的大量经典戏装照。通过此书，我们可以了解梅兰芳的生平，可以看到梅兰芳为京剧艺术的发展所付出的努力，可以看到梅兰芳成功背后强大的团队支持，可以了解中国京剧的相关知识和诸多经典的剧目，可以看到梅兰芳的 代风华以及时人眼中梅兰芳的经典形象，也可以了解中日戏剧的相同和差异。

名人题字

1.冯耿光题字

2.罗惇曧题字

3.大仓喜八郎题字

4.龙居赖三题字

名人题辞

1.梁士诒题辞

2.李宣倜题辞

名人序

1.听花散人序

2.乌江散人序

梅兰芳写真

一、梅兰芳小史

1.幽燕歌舞之地与梅兰芳的成长

2.一笑万古春，一啼万古愁，满城士女为之神魂颠倒

3.由新戏研究而产生的中国艺坛明星

二、中国京剧概要

1.沿革

2.曲种

3.角色

4.剧种

5.演出剧目和脚本

6.新剧

7.舞台背景

三、京剧的欣赏方法

四、剧中的梅兰芳

五、梅郎评

1.春柳旧主的梅郎评

2.谷崎润一郎的梅郎观

3.张豂子之评

4.美国公使和美国人的评论

5.龙居枯山的梅郎观

六、常演剧本概要

1.《黛玉葬花》

2.《天女散花》

3.《嫦娥奔月》

4.《游园惊梦》

5.《晴雯撕扇》（又名《千金一笑》）

6.《尼姑思凡》

7.《御碑亭》

8.《佳期拷红》

9.《贵妃醉酒》（又名《百花亭》）

10.《春香闹学》

11.《女起解》

12.《玉堂春》

13.《武家坡》

14.《汾河湾》

15.《游龙戏凤》

16.《金山寺》

17.《虹霓关》

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• 作者：Iven 发布时间：2023-11-20 15:46:44

  写的很轻浮，对重大转折点的选择避而不谈

• 作者：薰 发布时间：2021-05-31 10:05:22

  语言堪比托尔斯泰，应该是俄罗斯当代最好的作家（之一），就是主题引发不了兴趣，伏尔加德意志人。

• 作者：黑暗之刺 发布时间：2017-12-02 12:39:45

  够疯

• 作者：copy12 发布时间：2021-11-07 00:52:23

  看到桶狭间战信长是靠着秀吉熟悉地理才取胜这里，就放弃了，别浪费时间了。

• 作者：黑米糕小姐 发布时间：2012-07-26 19:10:15

  全是常识，很有必要重申。

• 作者：夷则 发布时间：2023-10-30 18:59:56

  工地读书之六，当笑话集看饶有兴味，最后一章附表可备查

• My life was just fine, thanks

  作者：芝麻小元宵 发布时间：2015-06-11 22:41:59

  You only get one life. It’s actually your duty to live it as fully as possible. ——Will Traynor

  I was a tornado of feelings when I finished “Me Before You". Without a doubt, I loved every bit of it. I just felt that my words couldn’t do it justice. This is a book about life and death, love and friendship, full of interesting topics which can be definitely dug deeper, such as the legitimacy of euthanasia. But what made me the most intense impression were Will’s remarks on the quality of life. He was talking to Clark, but every inside of me just felt seen through, like he was standing right in front of me, like the last veil of cowardice was lifted off, like the true me couldn’t stay hidden any more in my comfort zone.

  “I cannot for the life of me see how you can be content to live this tiny life. This life that will take place almost entirely within a five-mile radius and contain nobody who will ever surprise you or push you or show you things that will leave your head spinning and unable to sleep at night.”

  Before the accident, Will was a talented, successful young man seeking adventures in his whole life. He was never tired of trying new things. He enjoyed a vibrant personality. But then, life turned a most unexpected twist. Being a quadriplegic, his life stooped to a miserable existence. Yes, he merely existed. Armchair and bed, that’s where he was confined to and how he accepted whatever the fate prepared for him. He lived in the castle, isolated from the rest of the world.

  Not living far from him, a girl named Lou Clark was striving for her livelihood. Just lost a job at a café, she was desperate for a new one, despite how peculiar the job description sounded. She started to be the caretaker for Will for the next 6 months. On reading the book, I came to realize why the family only asked for such a short period when obviously a job like this requested long-time attention. How could I be so blind to dismiss something so unusual?

  It turned out that Will and his parents made a deal. For their sake, he would hang on in there for half a year, and then he would go suicide, with the help of them. I was totally shocked when I read it. How could a parent do such a thing? How could they end their son’s life like this? But on the other hand, I kind of understood their decision. It was hard when you see your family was tortured and with their condition only getting worse. When they beg you to help them die for that they are even deprived of that capacity, what can you do? It’s like their living only makes you feel better, but doesn’t do them any good.

  Will’s mom still harbored hope that Will might change his mind during these 6 months. And it seemed that Clark was her biggest chance. Bitter and sarcastic at first, Will came to grow very fond of Clark. He talked, laughed, almost looked like the person before the accident. For Clark, she cared deeply about Will and would do anything to make him abandon his death wish. She even elaborated a calendar of adventures to plan trips for Will. But all her efforts were in vain. Clark got that any one under such circumstance would suffer greatly, but she always thought that there had to be a way to live differently.

  However, even Will could do some of the things proposed by Clark, he didn’t want to. “I want to be in Paris as me, the old me. I want to sit in a chair, leaning back, my favorite clothes on, with pretty French girls who pass by giving me the eye just as they would any other man sitting there. Not looking away hurriedly when they realize I’m a man in an overgrown bloody pram.” When Will confessed that he would still take his own life, I felt really sad for them both. I could imagine how astonished Clark was and how sad and also relieved Will was.

  Clark was a simple girl with limited social circles, but Will saw more about her. “Maybe I wanted you to hear it. I wanted you to think about what you’re doing…It’s not enough for you to sit on your arse for the rest of your life…You’re going to feel uncomfortable in your new world for a bit. It always does feel strange to be knocked out of your comfort zone. But I hope you feel a bit exhilarated too. Your face when you came back from diving that time told me everything; there is a hunger in you, Clark. A fearlessness. You just buried it, like most people do.”

  Of course Clark felt irritated at first. That’s the normal reaction when something true turns up against you, obviously unpleasant to hear. So Will shared his own experience. “There wasn’t much time left after work, but I tried to do something every day. I did rock climbing at an indoor centre, and squash, and I went to concerts, and tried new restaurants. And I went running. And I tried to learn new languages for places I thought I might visit one day. And I saw my friends. And I planned trips. I looked for places I’d never been, things that would frighten me or push me to my limit. I swam the Channel once. I went paragliding. I walked up mountains and skied down them again.

  Yes, I know a lot of these need money, but a lot of them don’t. And besides, how do you think I made money? I worked out what would make me happy, and I worked out what I wanted to do, and I trained myself to do the job that would make those two things happen. It is simple. The thing is, it’s also a lot of hard work. And people don’t want to put in a lot of work.”

  That’s hit the nail on the head. And I’ve never figured out how I am supposed to live my life, what I want to do, what makes me happy, what I should pursue. I tried so little that I can’t frame an answer from those limited possibilities. I remembered reading this from another book. If you don’t know how to live, then use a ready-made, narrow and utilitarian mindset, which is how to make fast money and become famous to the best of your ability, to put it in a better way, is the so-called dream and responsibility.

  But I don’t even make to that category, because it also requires a lot of work. If you don’t know how to live, then live by social standards. That answer is not enough. I like Will’s passion for his life, a harmonious combination of personal pursuit and social acknowledgement. Clark couldn’t help but ask him if he preferred not to have those experiences for what had happened to him. Will’s answer was ardent and firm.

  “I will never, ever regret the things I’ve done. Because most days, if you are stuck in one of these, all you have are the places in your memory that you can go to. So if you’re asking me would I rather be reminiscing about the view of the castle from the minimart, or that lovely row of shops down off the roundabout, then, no. My life was just fine, thanks.”

  I cannot describe how I felt when I read these comments. A pang of excitement and guilt was running fervently towards me. I wrote them down in my notebook as a reminder. Clark gradually changed. There was a different air about her. She became more confident and assertive. I couldn’t wait to see what she did with her life in the second book. For now, I read again those words and let them sink in. I still haven’t figured out how to do it, but to think differently, may lead to a different result.

• 惠特曼的同志之爱

  作者：金戈 发布时间：2023-11-23 08:44:37

  关于惠特曼诗歌，尤其是其核心的爱欲问题（它关系美国式民主），布鲁姆的阐释沾染了令人生厌的弗洛伊德味，他讲的“同性欲望”与“自体快感”可悲地局限在惠特曼的“身体”假象中——正如他津津乐道于惠特曼的“自慰”。说个题外话，布鲁姆式的精英与博尔赫斯式的高雅，看起来都是文化主义的，但前者对弗洛伊德精神分析的服膺，使他的文化主义始终摆脱不了一种骨子里的美国式的粗鲁。

  而博尔赫斯的惠特曼则有点模棱两可，一会儿说惠特曼是“一位明示命运而不是欢呼命运的人”（博尔赫斯的伟大之处，是发现了惠特曼诗歌中节制的一面），一会儿又说他是“一位前言不搭后语、狂放不羁的乐天派”，“赞美博爱、热情和乐观等人类的能力”，可他毕竟无法说清惠特曼的“博爱”是什么，而且用的是“博爱”这种似是而非的陈词滥调。

  只有两个人，德勒兹和D.H.劳伦斯，对惠特曼的爱欲问题，有过深入理解。

  德勒兹是从存在的碎片与联合的角度，看到了惠特曼“同志之爱”（有的译成“友情”）的意义：

  “同志之爱”是惠特曼为最高的人类的关联所设计的一个伟大的词，不是基于一个状况的总体性，而是基于特性的功能，情感的处境，还有相关碎片的“内在性”（比如，在医院里，同志之爱的关联必须在每个垂死的人之间建立起来）。用这种方式编织出一张多样的关联之网，它们没有融入一个整体，但是产生了唯一的整体，即人有能力征服一个既定的状况。同志之爱是一种多样性，提示跟外面世界的遭遇，灵魂在露天空间里，在“畅通的道路上”的前进。正是在美国，同志之爱应该会获得最大限度的伸展和密度，引向阳刚而大众化的爱，同时获得一种政治和民族的个性——不是一种整体主义或极权主义，而是惠特曼所说的“联合主义”。

  德勒兹毕竟还是乐观（就像博尔赫斯强调惠特曼是个“乐天派”），而劳伦斯的描述更加细化和贴切，《评美国名著》里那篇对惠特曼的评论绝对是伟大之作，它深入骨髓地看到了惠特曼的同志之爱及美国式民主的终点是死亡：

  他就是这样歌唱着男性爱——同志爱的神秘。他一遍又一遍地重复着一个东西：新的世界建立在同志爱之上，新的、伟大的、蓬勃的生命将是男性爱。由这男性爱将生发出对未来的向往。

  你看到了交融的嬗变进程。对于那些伟大的交融者们来说，只有女人是不够的。对于那些爱到极端的人，最终的交融中女人是不够的。所以下一步出现的就是男性之间的爱。而这种爱是濒临死亡边缘的。终归会滑向死亡。

  历史上有大卫和约拿旦。约拿旦死了。这种爱终归会死。这种同志爱。

  交融。

  所以，如果这新的民主将是建立在同志爱之上的话，这就意味着它也是建立在死亡之上。它会很快滑向死亡的。

  最终的交融，最终的民主。最终的爱。这同志爱。

  厄运，除了厄运还是厄运。

  惠特曼有错误。他错就错在对“同情”这个格言的解释上。“同情”是神秘的。他仍然把“同情”与耶稣的“爱”和保罗的“博爱”混为一谈。惠特曼同咱们一样走到了爱之大道的尽头。他无法自持，所以他走上了大路，这条路是伟大情感的爱之路的伸延，远远超过了耶稣的受难地加弗利。可是，爱之路却是在十字架下终止的，无法再伸延了。

  这种混淆(交融),全体，同一种身份，自我偏执狂全来自旧的爱之观。这等于是把爱的观念变为合乎逻辑的肉体行为。

  在真正的民主国家，灵与灵在大道上相遇。民主，美国式的民主，一切都在大道上，一个灵魂，一行动就会为人所懂。这靠的不是它的外衣和外貌，惠特曼不需要这些，靠的不是其家族的姓名，更不是它的名望。惠特曼和麦尔维尔都不把这些当一回事。也不是靠虔诚和行善。决不是靠做什么。什么都不靠，只靠它自身。灵魂不靠什么来推动，它只靠两只脚自个儿行走。它全靠自己受人赏识。如果它是个伟大的灵魂，它就会在路上被人崇拜。

  男女之爱即是灵魂之交，是崇拜的交流。同志之情亦是灵魂之交和崇拜的交流。民主即是灵魂之交。在大道上，一个灵魂在芸芸众生路的徒步旅行中见其伟大。灵与灵的交往是令人欢喜的，对伟大灵魂的崇拜更令人欢喜，只有它们才是世上最宝贵的财富。

  爱与交融把惠特曼推向死亡的边缘!死亡!死亡!