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攻克SAT·应试指南

第三章（自我诊断测试）答案及详解

第四章（英文部分——完成句子）练习答案及详解

第五章（英文部分——阅读理解）练习答案及详解

第六章（写作部分——作文）练习参考范文

第七章（写作部分——语法）练习答案

第八章（数学部分）练习答案

第九章（模拟考试）答案及解析

模拟考试I

模拟考试II

攻克SAT·强化训练

词汇篇答案

完成句子篇答案

阅读理解篇答案

数学篇答案

语法篇答案

模拟考试A答案

模拟考试B答案

曹岭岚，美国哥伦比亚大学教育博士。现任教于美国纽约市立大学。美国国际英语教师协会(TESOL) 会员。曾任教于苏州大学，南京师范大学。约克学院英语系副教授，曾多年担任纽约森林小丘常春藤预校副校长，曹岭岚博士长期从事SAT教学和研究工作，积累了丰富的经验，摸索出一套适

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• 作者：Juno 发布时间：2023-12-29 14:46:10

  2023.12.29 粗读一遍

• 作者：訴 发布时间：2020-08-07 17:01:24

  1.这书主要教的是进阶知识，完全不涉及入门基础，因此不适合新手。讲了很多作者在实际混音中积累下的实践经验，很有用。2.书好，但翻译烂，疑似是用翻译软件 “直译” 的，全篇都是绕口的长句子（词汇是中文，语法上偏外语）。3.这本书原本是作者从07年起开始连载的专栏，因此书中介绍到的效果器，都是一些性能落后的 “上古时期” 版本。若是发现书中与软件相关的内容，已经落后于时代，不必太执着，直接放弃即可，因为如今可能早就诞生了新方法/新插件。

• 作者：首席备胎 发布时间：2012-08-05 16:30:21

  即便是作为历史入门读物，也只是凑合而已

• 作者：seasons 发布时间：2017-11-28 19:36:46

  医学类的书，精品真多。这么好的书豆瓣居然没有条目，赶紧添上了。专家就是专家。

• 作者：邝海炎 发布时间：2015-03-30 23:56:14

  孙郁这家伙喜欢写名人，有点像历史学界的汪荣祖。孙的才气也弱，但很用功很下米，这点倒像路遥[偷笑]他以前写过鲁迅周作人胡适张中行，写张中行的最好，估计是性情相近的原因。而写汪曾祺这本最水，翻遍全书，唯一算是“有那么点见识”的话也就是——“周作人一生喜谈鬼神、岁时、野趣，学问大而广，惜乎不谙小说笔法，人物与图景感弱，是学问家言。”“不过张爱玲对周作人也有不满的地方，比如谈吃食，总是一个路子，缺少变化，那是因为不懂小说家的笔法，想象力匮乏。周作人太讲学理，张爱玲汪曾祺欣赏学识与诗意，且以一种虚构的方式连缀他们，灵动的意味就浓了。”所以，一个伟大的作家没有小说是说不过去的，尤其是长篇。钱钟书那么自负，还不是要靠小说增强自信？在现代作家里，论写作的丰富性和艺术标高，鲁迅确实是第一名。

• 作者：氮氧氟氖钠 发布时间：2022-03-17 13:38:51

  那个年代没有什么书，我只能反复的看这些已有的书，一遍又一遍……

• 如何假装看过了《Zero to One》

  作者：老衲很欣慰 发布时间：2015-02-05 14:15:02

  我就是来捣乱的....

  核心概念高冷版——垄断

  应用：“我很认同Peter的书里关于垄断的看法”

  如果你连一篇文章的时间都不打算浪费的话。请记住垄断这个词，它是关于此书非常重要的一点。简单来讲，这个概念是为了对抗传统经济学家的竞争论点（如坑死一批商科生的Michael Porter五力分析）而强调的。作者认为美国人被竞争烧坏了脑子，一股脑地在同质化竞争，互相杀价，最后自己没了利润。但优秀的企业总是选择垄断市场，并成为具有独特性的独占（台版用词）企业。

  全书从一开头的创新思维，商业模式，到后来的组织文化，价值回报，销售的重要以及未来产业等，其实基本都是在讲一个垄断/独占企业如何形成，以及投资人应该如何选择一个有长远回报的（垄断）企业。

  这个概念最先提还因为它非常适用于国内情境。比如全民狂欢的滴滴快的租车公司烧钱补贴，还有眼下年关将近气氛紧张的微信支付宝红包大战。各位不妨一边大肆占人便宜，一边不屑而高冷地表示：

  “他们只能这样搞是因为没有独特性，要知道Zero to One里也提了, 好的企业...”

  必须领会的行业切口版——秘密，以及四个特质

  应用： “What important truth do very few people agree with you on？”

  如果你的投资人，行业前辈或其他人等貌似神秘地这么问了，请千万要露出“你懂的”的眼神哈哈大笑，并在不经意间自然地告诉身边的人这是出自Peter Thiel的话。

  这是作者觉得最应该拿出来问的一个问题（另有一个更俗的版本是“还有什么有价值的公司是还没被创造的”），作者认为一个优秀的创始人，可以找到正确的市场并创造垄断企业，是因为他能够看到绝大多数人不知道的事实。 而对于实现从0到1的具有独创性的创新来说，这也是必要技能。

  另外，书中还为优秀的垄断企业给了个定义，他们应该具有的四个特质分别是：專利技術、網路外部性、經濟規模和品牌 （据台版翻译）。而网路外部性的重点是企业必须在规模极小的早期就能够为用户提供价值，比如一开始只是为了校内同学社交的facebook。作者又在后面对这一点所提及的利基市场有所展开。既企业应该从一个小的（可以垄断）的市场开始，并在之后逐步扩大，比如亚马逊。

  各位可以在谈话中涉及所提特质时迅速引用Peter Thiel的背书，但我个人非常不建议一次性背出四个特质，你很可能会被视为一个死读书的人，或者更惨，一个典型的产品经理。

  心怀全局的宏观思维版－－两种形式的发展

  应用：“你知道科技发展和全球化的发展有什么区别吗？”

  不框架无大师。作者在第一章，就以先知的视野为我们介绍了两种不同的progress(进步进程发展)。

  一种，是垂直的，密集的，也是作者所喜欢欣赏的，从0到1的进步。比如科技领域的进步。这是突破性的，难以想象的。

  而另一种，是水平的，延展的，被拿来当对照组的，从1到n的进步。比如全球化的进步（此处可能作为进程理解更佳）。这是复制性的，容易想象并执行的。

  其实看完两点各位也知道作者的意思了。再多提一下是这段又可以被当作连文青都可以理解的一段，因为作者在书中直接用了发达国家和发展中国家作为两种进步的可能区分，并举了中国作为从1到n，复制其他国家成功模式的例子。

  从此，各位看到单调的事物时，忧伤地自拍发朋友圈外还可以说：“我们实现了全球化的进步，但科技呢？我们在科技这一维度上有什么呢？“

  睥睨天下指点江山版－－未来现金流和幂次法则

  应用：“你只知道它一直亏，不知道它未来能有大钱啊”

  所有在大学时修过金融经济相关课程的人大概都会对future cash flow有条件反射的感触（我就直接想到了公式）。作者作为一个面向创业者的投资人，非常直接地把这点作为了伟大企业的衡量，他说：

  伟大企业是由未来能产生现金流的能力来定义的

  实际上他对未来的定义是至少10到15年后（对大部分科技企业而言）。并且坚挺一直在亏的twitter。当然就作者本人提出的各个定义而言，twitter算得上是一个标准的垄断企业。

  而幂次法则实际上可以用更早的一部热门书《Lean In》里的话解释：选择火箭而不是选择位置（对这当然不是原话）。

  作者认为比起学校中一直强调的努力更重要的，是对的选择。选择曲线的一头，比起创业应该加入高速发展的产业。选择最有前景的产业里你最擅长的事物。

  来自写字的家伙的贴心提示

  书中还有其他点，但本篇中所提几个重点已经足以应付日常对话。

  最后献上一个锦囊，如果您读了本篇内容后，出去滔滔不绝时发现对方显露出了想要更深一步探讨的欲望，请用上“当然，具体到国内环境还是比较复杂的” 这一万能金句迅速收尾，不谢。

  ＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

  [注意]：如果各位是从中信公众号2月末的推送文章里知道这篇书评的话——他们是未经授权的搬运，已经举报微信团队并删除该推送

  此篇文章已经发布在钛点的网站和公众号上，想要关注更多互联网相关的无意义吐槽请关注钛点（ID: taipoint），我们偶而会有干货

• 做人做事的普遍原则

  作者：Hammer_ 发布时间：2012-02-03 18:21:57

  Before we commence reading How To Win Friends And Influence People, we should first realize that this book had been written to be used to as textbook for the author's course in Effective speaking and Human relationship and it still used for today.

  So please not categorize this book as Self-help or Motivational book which often be degraded by those who unceasingly declaim how badly they hate this sort of things.

  Dealing with people is probably the biggest problem we face, especially if you are in business. Those principles can apply to all walks of people.

  If you wish to get the most out of this book, there is one indispensable requirement, one essential infinitely more important than any rule or technique. Unless you have this one fundamental requisite, a thousand rules on how to study will avail little.

  What is this magic requirement? Just this: a deep, driving desire to learn, a vigorous determination to increase your ability to deal with people.

  Once you believe,that works.

  “Education,” said the author “is the ability to meet life’s situations,”

  If by the time you have finished reading the first three chapters of this book- if you aren’t then a little better equipped to meet life’s situations, then I shall consider this book to be a total failure so far as you are concerned. For “the great aim of education,” said the author, “is not knowledge but action.”

  And this is an action book :)

  ----------------------------------

  readingnote:

  第一大章：怎样赢得朋友

  原则一：永远不要去批评别人

  很精辟，我们应该转换方式，让他们自己发现，或者用一种温和，婉转的方式，反之就算是中肯的批评也是有害无利

  1.ninety-nine times out of a hundred, people don’t criticize themselves for anything, no matter how wrong it may be.

  2.Criticism is futile because it puts a person on the defensive and usually makes him strive to justify himself. Criticism is dangerous, because it wounds a person’s precious pride, hurts his sense of importance, and arouses resentment

    

  3.Let’s realize that the person we are going to correct and condemn will probably justify himself or herself, and condemn us in return or, like the gentle Taft, will say: “I don’t see how I could have done any differently from what I have.

  4.每当我们想要批评别人的时候，想想这句话：“I don’t see how I could have done any differently from what I have”Judge not, that ye be not judged

  5.最真诚的忠告------勿责人，常思已过：Do you know someone you would like to change and regulate and improve? Good! That is fine. I am all in favor of it, But why not begin on yourself? From a purely selfish standpoint, that is a lot more profitable than trying to improve others - yes, and a lot less dangerous. “Don’t complain about the snow on your neighbor’s roof,” said Confucius, “when your own doorstep is unclean.”

  6.每个人都是感性的动物：When dealing with people, let us remember we are not dealing with creatures of logic. We are dealing with creatures of emotion, creatures bristling with prejudices and motivated by pride and vanity.

  7.我们应该做的：Instead of condemning people, let’s try to understand them. Let’s try to figure out why they do what they do. That’s a lot more profitable and intriguing than criticism and it breeds sympathy, tolerance and kindness. “To know all is to forgive all.”

  ------------------------------

  原则二 如何与人打交道---Give honest and sincere appreciation

  1、（有道理！）There is only one way under high heaven to get anybody to do anything. Did you ever stop to think of that? Yes, just one way. And that is by making the other person want to do it. Remember, there is no other way.

  2.每个人都得到赞扬啊：The deepest principle in human nature is the craving to be appreciated.The desire for a feeling of importance is one of the chief distinguishing differences between mankind and the animals

  3. 赞扬和奉承的区别：The difference between appreciation and flattery? That is simple. One is sincere and the other insincere. One comes from the heart out,the other from the teeth out. One is unselfish,the other selfish. One is universally admired, the other universally condemned.

  4.多点发自内心的感激，别吝啬对我们爱的人的赞扬：When we are not engaged in thinking about some definite problem, we usually spend about 95 percent of our time thinking about ourselves. Now, if we stop thinking about ourselves for a while and begin to think of the other person’s good points, we won’t have to resort to flattery so cheap and false that it can be spotted almost before it is out of the mouth

  5. 真的是这样呢：Let’s cease thinking of our accomplishments, our wants. Let’s try to figure out the other person’s good points. Then forget flattery. Give honest, sincere appreciation. Be “hearty in your approbation and lavish in your praise,” and people will cherish your words and treasure them and repeat them over a lifetime -repeat them years after you have forgotten them

  ------------------------------------------

  原则三. 去谈论人家感兴趣的事----Arouse in the other person an eager want

  1.少谈自己，谈大家的兴趣和利益所在：So the only way cm earth to influence other people is to talk about what they want and show them how to get it. Remember that tomorrow when you are trying to get somebody to do something. If, for example, you don’t want your children to smoke, don’t preach at them, and don’t talk about what you want? but show them that cigarettes may keep them from making the basketball team or winning the hundred-yard dash.（销售的人应该学学，学会从他人的角度看问题）

  2.If out of reading this book you get just one thing- an increased tendency to think always in terms of other people’s point of view, and see things from their angle - if you get that one thing out of this book, it may easily prove to be one of the building blocks of your career.

  3、我们的目的不是为了操纵人，而是实现双赢：Looking at the other person’s point of view and arousing in him an eager want for something is not to be construed as manipulating that person so that he will do something that is only for your benefit and his detriment

  ----------------------------------

  第二大章：怎样让人喜欢你

  原则一：Become genuinely interested in other people--对他人感兴趣

  1.If we want to make friends, let’s put ourselves out to do things for other people -things that require time, energy, unselfishness and thoughtfulness

  2.If we want to make friends, let’s greet people with animation and enthusiasm. When somebody calls you on the telephone use the same psychology

  -------------------

  原则二：经常微笑

  1.Actions speak louder than words, and a smile says, “I like you, You make me happy. I am glad to see you.”That is why dogs make such a hit. They are so glad to see us that they almost jump out of their skins. So, naturally, we are glad to see them. A baby’s smile has the same effect

  2.A man without a smiling face must not open a shop.”Your smile is a messenger of your good will. Your smile brightens the lives of all who see it. To someone who has seen a dozen people frown, scowl or turn their faces away, your smile is like the sun breaking through the clouds. Especially when that someone is under pressure from his bosses, his customers, his teachers or parents or children, a smile can help him realize that all is not hopeless -that there is joy in the world.

  --------------------------------

  原则三：记住别人的名字

  Remember that a person’s name is to that person the sweetest and most important sound in any language

  ----------------------

  原则四： 做一个好的听众，让别人去谈论自己（Be a good listener. Encourage others to talk about themselves）

  So if you aspire to be a good conversationalist, be an attentive listener. To be interesting, be interested. Ask questions that other persons will enjoy answering. Encourage them to talk about themselves and their accomplishments.

  Remember that the people you are talking to are a hundred times more interested in themselves and their wants and problems than they are in you and your problems. A person’s toothache means more to that person than a famine in China which kills a million people. A boil on one’s neck interests one more than forty earthquakes in Africa. Think of that the next time you start a conversation

  ---------------------

  原则五：谈别人感兴趣的事（Talk in terms of the other person’s interests. ）

  -----------------------

  原则六：承认对方的优点和对自己的重要性（Make the other person feel important-and do it sincerely）

  The unvarnished truth is that almost all the people you meet feel themselves superior to you in some way, and a sure way to their hearts is to let them realize in some subtle way that you recognize their importance, and recognize it sincerely. Remember what Emerson said: “Every man I meet is my superior in some way. In that, I learn of him.

  -------------------------------

  第三大章：How to Win People to Your Way of Thinking

  原则一：避免和人辩论，因为你永远不会赢---这个，偶觉得还是方式的问题，不过还是尽量避免好了，因为没啥意义啊！：）The only way to get the best of an argument is to avoid it

  You can’t win an argument. You can’t because if you lose it, you lose it,and if you win it, you lose it. Why?Well, suppose you triumph over the other man and shoot This argument full of holes and prove that he is non compos mentis.Then what? You will feel fine. But what about him? You have made him feel inferior. You have hurt his pride. He will resent your triumph. And A man convinced against his will Is of the same opinion still

  If you argue and rankle and contradict, you may achieve a victory sometimes, but it will be an empty victory because you will never get your opponent’s good wil

  -----------------

  独立一段，关于怎样应对argument的建议：

  一 不同的见解是有益的：Welcome the disagreement. Remember the slogan, “When two partners always agree, one of them is not necessary.” If there is some point you haven’t thought about, be thankful if it is brought to your attention. Perhaps this disagreement is your opportunity to be corrected before you make a serious mistake.

  二：(别相信你的第一直觉印象--适用于异见）Distrust your first instinctive impression. Our first natural reaction in a disagreeable situation is to be defensive. Be careful. Keep calm and watch out for your first reaction. It may be you at your worst, not your best

  三（控制你的脾气）Control your temper. Remember, you can measure the size of a person by what makes him or her angry. Listen first. Give your opponents a chance to talk. Let them finish. Do not resist, defend or debate. This only raises barriers. Try to build bridges of understanding. Don’t build higher barriers of misunderstanding.

  四：求同存异：Look for areas of agreement. When you have heard your opponents out, dwell first on the points and areas on which

  you agree.

  五：诚实： Be honest, Look for areas where you can admit error and say so. Apologize for your mistakes. It will help disarm your

  opponents and reduce defensiveness.

  六：Promise to think over your opponents’ ideas and study them carefully. And mean it. Your opponents may be right. It is a lot easier at this stage to agree to think about their points than to move rapidly ahead and find yourself in a position where your opponents can say: “We tried to tell you, but you wouldn’t listen.”

  七：感谢你的对手：Thank your opponents sincerely for their interest. Anyone who takes the time to disagree with you is interested in the same things you are. Think of them as people who really want to help you, and you may turn your opponents into friends.

  八：给点时间给对方（很重要，很多时候回头看，会觉得当时狠傻，没必要为这问题吵，也从另一方面得出，和人去争论什么，真的没啥意义）Postpone action to give both sides time to think through the problem

  ---------------------------

  原则二：别告诉别人自己比他们要高明

  这段狠有哲理，别证明自己比其他人聪明，就算知道，也别告诉他

  That is a challenge. It arouses opposition and makes the listener want to battle with you before you even start. It is difficult, under even the most benign conditions, to change people’s minds. So why make it harder? Why handicap yourself? If you are going to prove anything, don’t let anybody know it. Do it so subtly, so adroitly, that no one will feel that you are doing it.

  This was expressed succinctly by Alexander Pope: Men must be taught as if you taught them not And things unknown proposed as things forgot.

  Over three hundred years ago Galileo said: You cannot teach a man anything? you can only help him to find it within himself.

  As Lord Chesterfield said to his son: Be wiser than other people if you can? but do not tell them so.

  （勇于承认错误是最对的）You will never get into trouble by admitting that you may be wrong. That will stop all argument and inspire your opponent to be just as fair and open and broad-minded as you are. It will make him want to admit that he, too, may be wrong

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  原则三：勇于认错

  When we are right, let’s try to win people gently and tactfully to our way of thinking, and when we are wrong and that will be surprisingly often, if we are honest with ourselves - let’s admit our mistakes quickly and with enthusiasm. Not only will that technique produce astonishing results? but, believe it or not, it is a lot more

  fun, under the circumstances, than trying to defend oneself.

  Remember the old proverb: "By fighting you never get enough, but by yielding you get more than you expected.”

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  原则四：以友好的方式开始 Begin in a friendly way.

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  原则五： Get the other person saying “yes, yes”

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  原则六：Let the other person do a great deal of the talking.

  （这里和上面有点重复了，其实这里有很多原则是共通的）

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  原则七：Let the other person feel that the idea is his or hers

  卡内基是个中国通，他引用了好多中国古代的谚语和道德经的东西：

  " The reason why rivers and seas receive the homage of a hundred mountain streams is that they keep below them. Thus they are able to reign over all the mountain streams. So the sage, wishing to be above men, put himself below them, wishing to be before them, he put himself behind them. Thus, though his place be above men, they do not feel his weight,though his place be before them, they do not count it an injury.”

  海纳百川，有容乃大

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  如果仅仅把这书当做是快餐书，励志书，成功学，

  真的很可惜，

  这书流传这么久真有它的道理，一些自以为是的“读书人”可能不屑看这类书，替他们遗憾。

  一本值得反复看的经典之作，最重要是去实践上述的原则，

  要记住：“This is an action book.”

  2012.2.3

  By Hammer