完全掌握新韩国语能力考试TOPIKⅠ<初级>听力(考前对策+全解全练第2版) 下载 pdf 电子版 epub 免费 txt 2025

2014 年新调整的韩国语能力考试TOPIK 考试分为TOPIK Ⅰ、TOPIK Ⅱ，即TOPIK 初级和TOPIK 中 。新的TOPIK 考试与过去相比，明显提高了考试难度，TOPIK Ⅰ的考查内容变 为阅读+听力，重点考查考生的听力能力。本书主要总结了韩语能力考试听力部分中7大必考题型，“回答”“对话完成”“场所、地点”“短文主题选择”“图案选择”“内容一致”“一题两答”。本书先带考生了解相关的单词和句型后，再用模拟题来测试考生的实力。通过牢牢记住书中重复出现的句型和单词，考生一定能够在考试中取得满意的成绩。

题型1：回答

新韩国语能力考试初级听力部分，考生一开始遇到的题型是听一段男女对话，根据其中一人提出的问题，选出合适的回

答。该题型总共有4道题，问题十分简单明了，是考生必须拿分的考题。

1-0　准备方向

1-1　 句型

1-2　 单词

1-3　模拟题练习

1-4　模拟题解析

1-5　模拟题单词

题型2：完成对话

初级听力考试中，此题型会出2道题。在男女对话中，考生要在听到其中一人说的内容后，选出合适的答案。此外，本

题型的问题内容比较短，都和基本会话有关，如问候、打招呼、问路、打电话等。

2-0　准备方向

2-1　 对话

2-2　 单词

2-3　模拟题练习

2-4　模拟题解析

题型3：场所 地点

本单元除了要熟悉有关“地点”的单词，考生也要多准备与该地点相关的延伸单词，请熟读本书根据考试趋势整理的单词

和句型，并通过模拟题进行练习。请仔细聆听关键地点，努力挑战听懂整段对话。

3-0　准备方向

3-1　 句型

3-2　 单词

3-3　模拟题练习

3-4　模拟题解析

3-5　模拟题单词

题型4：选择短文主题

“选择短文主题”题型的内容，多是生活中常使用的句子。如问候、询问国籍或年纪、讨论平常的习惯等，所以不需要分

析太多语法，只要掌握平常基本对话中会延伸使用的单词和句型，并多加练习，就能从容作答。

4-0　准备方向

4-1　 句型

4-2　 单词

4-3　模拟题练习

4-4　模拟题解析

4-5　模拟题单词

题型5：选择图案

“选择图案”题型的要求，是要从四个图案选项中，选出符合的一项。答题时，只要大概找出图案的共同点及不同点，参

照对话内容，用排除法来找到答案即可。有时图案的差异并不大，因此要 注意聆听对话内容中的关键词。

5-0　准备方向

5-1　 句型

5-2　 单词

5-3　模拟题练习

5-4　模拟题解析

5-5　模拟题单词

题型6：内容一致

“内容一致”题型的内容通常与我们生活中常遇到的状况有关，答题时不用太紧张，千万别靠我们的生活习惯或经验来推

测，答案通常会和对话内容有直接的关系。

6-0　准备方向

6-1　 句型

6-2　 单词

6-3　模拟题练习

6-4　模拟题解析

6-5　模拟题单词

题型7：一题两答

“一题两答”题型的内容是五六句对话，对话的范围也比较广，要听一段短文或对话后，回答两个问题。此题型中容易出

现中级难度的单词或句型。平常准备得越充分越好，而且要用平常心从容作答！

7-0　准备方向

7-1　 句型

7-2　 单词

7-3　模拟题练习

7-4　模拟题解析

7-5　模拟题单词

句型索引

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书籍介绍

2014 年新调整的韩国语能力考试TOPIK 考试分为TOPIK Ⅰ、TOPIK Ⅱ，即TOPIK 初级和TOPIK 中高级。新的TOPIK 考试与过去相比，明显提高了考试难度，TOPIK Ⅰ的考查内容变更为阅读+听力，重点考查考生的听力能力。本书主要总结了韩语能力考试听力部分中7大必考题型，“回答”“对话完成”“场所、地点”“短文主题选择”“图案选择”“内容一致”“一题两答”。本书先带考生了解相关的单词和句型后，再用模拟题来测试考生的实力。通过牢牢记住书中重复出现的句型和单词，考生一定能够在考试中取得满意的成绩。

• 作者：90 发布时间：2015-02-03 21:15:19

  很值得阅读，不过都是一些概念与概念之间的讲述。没有一定的基础很难阅读，甚至觉得乏味。

• 作者：唐啼 发布时间：2017-09-10 08:18:26

  ……正文是未完残本 番外还能补上一些内容可供回味 但它真的太不好看了……

• 作者：某羊 发布时间：2023-08-05 21:59:11

  对于笔者这样一个勉强算是NG老粉的人来说，本选题确实相当让人有阅读欲望，一些篇幅的别出心裁（比如说标题的渊源，又比如说第三部分从“路”的视角进行切入，特别是后者）也着实让人眼前一亮。不过也须承认，虽然作者在导论部分提到了诸多理论，但就全书而言，仍算是对于帝国日期西方本位视角的批判研究——现在市面上并不缺少这样的考察，此处无非是以NG这样一个案例重申了这样一种观念。

  另外从材料的选则上确实能感受到作者的为难：只用NG对西南的考察书写则素材不够，全部与中国相关的材料又过于广泛，最终的成书也因而难免某种程度上的“割裂”与“空泛”。当然，在确定放弃“NG与中国”这一写作思路的情况下，选择西南确实是最合适的，毕竟直到现在，他者对西南的“香格里拉”情节仍然浓烈，一如NG的“异域奇观”热情一般依旧。

• 作者：sos 发布时间：2019-10-06 11:04:40

  小林做事情认真，这本小书算是小用功了。

• 作者：Slim Mei 发布时间：2024-01-13 16:30:41

  踏实工作翻不了身，工作最苦的人生活却过得最惨，知足善良当不了饭吃。很现实的小说。

• 作者：辛巴酱 发布时间：2013-01-12 19:21:29

  很传记的一本书。我想作者也是希望把一个除去了梁启超之子和林徽因丈夫标签的梁思成展现在我们面前。ps：为神马这本书里的照片都那么丑，就不能找些好看的加上么。

• A quick list of the bottom lines

  作者：水货 发布时间：2021-04-21 06:11:49

  I will quote the list of all the bottom lines at the end of each chapter. It gives the gist of the book in case you don't want to read through (but still worth reading through it).

  Newborn baths early on are unnecessary, but not damaging. Tub baths are better than sponge baths. (不用洗澡）

  Circumcision has some small benefits and also carries some small risks. The choice is likely to come down largely to preference. （切不切看你）

  Rooming-in doesn’t have any compelling effects on breastfeeding outcomes either way. It is worth being careful about falling asleep with your infant if you choose to keep them with you at all times. （别睡的时候压着）

  Infant weight loss should be monitored and compared with expectations; you can do this yourself at

  www.newbornweight.org.

  Jaundice is monitored with a blood test and should be treated if outside the normal range; you can monitor this yourself at

  www.bilitool.org.

  Delayed cord clamping is likely recommended, especially if your baby is premature. Vitamin K supplements are a good idea. Eye antibiotics are likely unnecessary for most babies but are mandated in some states and have no known downsides. （听医嘱就行了）

  Swaddling has been shown to reduce crying and improve sleep. It is important to swaddle in a way that allows the baby to move its legs and hips. （裹起来可以帮助睡眠但是勿缚太紧）

  Colic is defined as excessive crying. It is self-limiting, meaning it will stop eventually. Changing formula or maternal diet, treatment with a probiotic, or both have shown some positive impacts. （哭是玄学但可以调整隐身）

  Collecting data on your baby is fun! But not necessary or especially useful. （收集数据很有意思 ++）

  Exposing your infant to germs early on risks their getting sick, and the interventions for a feverish infant are aggressive and typically include a spinal tap. Limiting germ exposure may be a good idea, even if just to avoid these interventions. （别作死让小孩得病）

  It takes time to recover from childbirth.

  You’ll bleed for several weeks. （疼）

  You may have vaginal tearing, which takes a few weeks to heal. （疼）

  A caesarean section is major abdominal surgery, and it will take significant time for you to be mobile again afterward. （疼疼）

  Return to exercise depends a bit on your birth experience, but you can typically start within a week or two, and most women could be back to their pre-pregnancy routine by six weeks. （量力而行）

  There is no set waiting time for sex, although you should wait until you’re ready (and are on birth control if you’re not ready for another child). （别着急打炮）

  Postpartum depression (and related conditions) are common and treatable. Get help as soon as you need it. （抑郁是普遍可治的）

  There are some health benefits to breastfeeding early on, although the evidence supporting them is more limited than is commonly stated. （母乳可能仅早期有健康好处）

  There are likely some long-term health benefits, related to breast cancer, for Mom. （母乳对妈有好处）

  The data does not provide strong evidence for long-term health or cognitive benefits of breastfeeding for your child.

  Breastfeeding can be very hard!

  On early interventions:

  Skin-to-skin contact early on can improve likelihood of breastfeeding success. （早贴着）

  On latching:

  Nipple shields work for some women, although they can be hard to quit.

  There is very limited evidence that fixing a tongue tie or lip tie can improve nursing.

  On pain:

  Fixing a tongue tie can improve pain for Mom.

  There isn’t much evidence on how to fix nipple pain, but focusing on the latch may help.

  If you are still in pain a few minutes into a feeding, or a few weeks into nursing, get help; it could be an infection, which would be treatable, or some other problem with a solution.

  On nipple confusion:

  Not supported in the data. （可以用奶嘴）

  On milk supply:

  The majority of women will have their milk come in within three days after the baby’s birth, but for about a quarter, it will take longer. （三天才有奶别急）

  The biological feedback loop is compelling: nursing more should produce more supply.

  Evidence on the effectiveness of non-drug remedies (e.g., fenugreek) on supply is limited.

  On pumping:

  It sucks.

  There is good evidence that infants who sleep on their back are at lower risk for SIDS. （后背睡）

  There is moderate evidence that bed sharing is risky. （一张床可能有风险）

  These risks are much higher if you or your partner smokes or drinks alcohol. （家长别烟酒high）

  There is some less-good evidence that room sharing is beneficial.

  The benefits to room sharing die out in the first few months.（一屋子或许有好处，几月后就没了）

  Infant and child sleep may be better if your child sleeps alone after the first few months.

  In the crib:

  Wearable blanket: check!

  Bumpers: very small risk, although small benefits as well.

  Sleeping on a sofa with an infant is extremely dangerous. （别睡沙发）

  There are some broad guidelines for sleep schedule.

  Longer nighttime sleep develops around two months.

  Move to three regular naps around four months.

  Move to two regular naps around nine months.

  Move to one regular nap around fifteen to eighteen months.

  Drop napping around age three.

  There is tremendous variability across children, which you mostly cannot control. （睡眠方差太大）

  The most consistent schedule feature is wake-up time between six and eight a.m.

  Earlier bedtime = longer sleep.

  Vaccinations are safe. （疫苗打）

  A very small share of people have allergic reactions, which are treatable.

  There are some extremely rare adverse events, most of which occur in immune-compromised children.

  The only more common risks are fever and febrile seizures, which are also rare and do not do long-term harm.

  There is no evidence of a link between vaccines and autism, and much evidence to refute such a link.

  Vaccines prevent children from getting sick.

  Babies benefit from their mothers taking some maternity leave. However, there is little evidence suggesting that having a stay-at-home parent after the parental leave period has either good or bad consequences for children. （家长该歇歇，该上班上班）

  Decisions about whether to have a parent stay home should consider your preferences, along with consequences for your family budget in both the short and long term.

  Stop judging people!

  With any childcare arrangement, quality matters. For day care, in particular, you can use some simple tools to try to do your own quality evaluation.

  On average, more time in day-care centers seems to be associated with slightly better cognitive outcomes and slightly worse behavior outcomes.

  The positive effects of day care present more at older ages, the negative ones more at younger ages. （不用太早daycare）

  Kids in day care get sick more, but develop more immunity.

  Parenting quality swamps childcare choices in its importance, so make sure you pick something that works for you as a parent as well.

  “Cry it out” methods are effective at encouraging nighttime sleep. （“让丫哭”方法可以增进夜间睡眠）

  There is evidence that using these methods improves outcomes for parents, including less depression and better general mental health.

  There is no evidence of long- or short-term harm to infants; if anything, there may be some evidence of short-term benefits.

  There is evidence of success for a wide variety of specific methods, and little to distinguish between them.

  The most important thing is consistency: choose a method you can stick with, and stick with it.

  Early exposure to allergens reduces incidences of food allergies. （早吃可减弱食物过敏）

  Kids take time to get used to new flavors, so it is valuable to keep trying a food even if they reject it at first, and early exposure to varying flavors increases acceptance.

  There is not much evidence behind the traditional food-introduction recommendations; no need to do rice cereal first if you do not want to.

  Baby-led weaning doesn’t have magical properties (at least not based on what we know now), but there is also no reason not to do it if you want to.

  Vitamin D supplementation is reasonable, but don’t freak out about missing a day here and there.

  Delayed motor development can be a signal of more serious issues, the most common of which is cerebral palsy.

  Variation in motor development within the (very wide) normal range is not a cause for concern.

  There are many approaches to evaluating motor skills; your pediatrician is your best partner in doing so.

  Children get many, many colds—about one per month for the winter, at least until school age. Lotion tissues. Lots of lotion tissues.

  Your zero- to two-year-old cannot learn from TV. （两岁之前看电视学不了啥）

  A three- to five-year-old can learn from TV. （但三到五岁就可以了）

  It is worth paying attention to what they are watching.

  The evidence is sparse overall. When in doubt, use your “Bayesian priors” to complement the data.

  There are some standard tools to determine child vocabulary size, which you can use on your own. There are also some metrics you can compare.

  Girls develop language faster than boys, on average, although there is a lot of overlap across genders.

  The timing of language development does have some link with later outcomes—test scores, reading—but the predictive power is weak for any individual child.

  Age at toilet training has increased over time, very likely as a result of parents choosing to train later.

  Starting training earlier leads to earlier completion on average, although it generally takes longer; starting intensive training before twenty-seven months does not seem to lead to earlier completion.

  There is little evidence on the efficacy of child-led training versus more intensive, goal-oriented methods.

  Refusal to poop on the toilet is a common complication with some limited solutions.

  There are a variety of programs that have been shown to improve children’s behavior. These focus on consistent rewards and punishments, and avoiding parental anger.

  Examples include 1-2-3 Magic and the Incredible Years, among others.

  Spanking has not been shown to improve behavior and, indeed, has been associated with worse behavior in the short term and even through adulthood. （别打屁）

  There is some support for the value of reading to your children starting in infancy. （多给孩子读书）

  Your baby cannot learn to read. Whether your two- or three-year-old can is unclear, but it would be very unusual for them to be a fluent reader.

  Evidence on the value of different preschool philosophies is limited.

  Marital satisfaction does decline, on average, after children.

  These declines are smaller and briefer if you’re happier before children, and if the kids are planned.

  Unequal division of labor and less sex probably do play some role, although it is hard to get a sense of how important these are.

  There is some small-scale evidence suggesting marital counseling and “marriage checkup” programs can improve happiness.

  The data doesn’t provide much guidance about the ideal number of children or birth interval between them.

  There may be some risks to very short intervals, including preterm birth and (possibly) higher rates of autism.

  Excerpt From: Emily Oster. “Cribsheet: A Data-Driven Guide to Better, More Relaxed Parenting, From Birth to Preschool.” Apple Books.

  + One important quote, on random things to worry about:

  “I’d probably just try not to think about that.” ( 别瞎操心）

• 永远的约定—努力做一个好父亲

  作者：每月一书 发布时间：2016-07-27 12:40:25

  <图片1>

  一次送小孩上兴趣班，培训地点在一个社区服务中心。杭州为了方便市民借、还书，提倡全民阅读，在每个社区都设立了一个小图书馆。小孩在学习，我自己就在图书室里东看看西看看，就看到了这本书，一看作者还是黑柳彻子，以前也看过她的一些书，如《窗边的小豆豆》、《快乐的每一天》等，喜欢她写的书，很有感染力，看了能引发感悟。所以就借回来看了，阅后一样让自己感动和思考。

  《永远的约定》跟《快乐的每一天》一样是一本对话录，根据电视节目《彻子的小屋》中黑柳彻子与镰田医生的谈话而写成。谈话轻松惬意又深刻透彻，内容非常广泛，也非常精彩、震撼又动人。阅后我被两位的人格魅力所深深打动。

  黑柳彻子是日本当代著名作家，著名电视节目主持人、演员。她的代表作《窗边的小豆豆》1981年出版后，被译成33种文字，在全球引起了极大的反响。镰田实，被誉为“全日本对患者最和善的医生”。致力发展地区医疗，倡导对患者体贴照顾的行医理念。

  同时他们两位一直身体力行致力于儿童慈善事业，彻子是亚洲第一位联合国儿童基金会亲善大使，长年为受难儿童奔走，走访了非洲、亚洲等多个贫困和战乱地区的儿童。镰田实是几十年如一日为全球的灾区儿童提供医疗的医生，一直参与切尔诺贝利核幅射灾区和伊拉克受核幅射影响儿童的义务无偿救助。

  书中的内容不仅可以让那些无缘上学、遭受欺凌、病魔缠身的孩子读后勇气倍增，同时也给已经为人父亲的我得到很多启示。我读后一个响亮的声音在我的耳畔想起，我怎么当好一个父亲，一位孩子们的父亲。

  与孩子有一个约定

  小豆豆在就读巴学园的时候，与校长之间有个约定“长大后当巴学园的老师”。镰田实在十八岁那年，和父亲岩次郎也有过一个约定， “绝不能忘记穷人和弱者。”

  虽然小豆豆最终未能如愿。因为战火烧毁了她的学校。但这个约定至今仍然存在。为此，小豆豆总想为孩子们做些什么。

   “记住了。”镰田向父亲保证。即使父亲去世了，但他们之间的约定依然如故。

  他们都曾与重要的人有过约定，为了兑现这永远的约定。他们一直在努力着、呼吁着，为了兑现这永远的约定，做出了许多有助于小孩子的事情。

  这给我一个启发，我能否与孩子们有一个启迪人生的约定。这个约定也作为小孩的一个梦想，也如书中如说的守护孩子的希望，就是守护世界的未来！

   

  多给孩子拥抱

  黑柳彻子每次去难民营，总要拥抱那些孩子，因为她知道，孩子们渴望被人拥抱。镰田医生更是从医学的角度解释，当一个母亲搂住孩子时，大人小孩身上都发生变化。母亲抱着孩子时，她的大脑中一种叫“幸福荷尔蒙”的血清素分泌增加。如果说你怀抱婴儿、闻到婴儿身上的气味而感到 幸福，便会觉得婴儿可爱。孩子大脑也会养成分泌血清素的习惯，使孩子成为一个感受到幸福人的人。幸福感是可以训练的。镰田也提到了自己是一个被领养的孩子，母亲却总是拥抱他。所以他非常爱母亲，母亲也非常爱他。

  平时需要常常拥抱小孩，因为受到关注，因此才能做个乖孩子，因为曾经拥有，才能懂得分享。就像小豆豆的母亲一直隐藏小豆豆被退学的秘密。镰田实的父母也隐瞒了自己是领养的秘密，而让两个人都拥有童真的愉快回忆。因为有爱、有共鸣、有沟通，就能彼此之间传达爱。

  我想，人在一生中，只要有一次无条件地被爱、被拥抱，就会终生难忘。懂得被拥抱美妙感觉的孩子，长大后总有一天会成为一个能拥抱别人的成年人。被爱过的孩子，长大后也不会为爱别人而踌躇。在人的一生中，如果能不断地爱和被爱、拥抱和被拥抱，是何等美好的事啊！

  做一个了不起的爸爸

  镰田提到了他童年时代的某个夏天，曾去母亲的娘家玩。在外祖父的医院里就诊的患者，经常因为没钱而拿些农产品来代替医疗费。外祖父曾带我去出诊。带着护士，坐火车，换马车，到偏远地区去给患者看病，途中要穿越好几个牧场。当他们抵达那个很小很小的诊所时，排队等待的患者立刻振奋起来。他想，外公真了不起。

  可能这一点给年幼的镰田心中种下了一个火星，长大后也想当一个像外公一样一个了不起的人。榜样的作用是无限的，我们一直提倡言传身教，道理讲100遍，不如做一个好的表率作用。

  我也在想，我是否可以给我的小孩有一个了不起的感慨，能以有这样一个爸爸而自豪。这就需要我自己从现在做起，坚持做一件事情，一个工匠精神，一种专业精神，我想到了阅读，坚持看书、坚持分享、坚持写作，在这一点上能让我的小孩们感慨爸爸真了不起。

  努力发现孩子的优点

  小豆豆曾被怀疑是LD，LD是学习障碍的意思。小豆豆不会算数，手也很笨，不会系扣子，手拿不住东西。毕业后刚开始工作的小豆豆的逸闻，一定能让你笑得打滚。这些与后来大名鼎鼎的电视主持人似乎毫无瓜葛。著名电影演员汤姆.克鲁斯也是一名阅读障碍者，他的台词都是靠自己的努力，通过别人口头传达来记忆的。

  读《哈利波特》时，纳威•隆巴顿这个人给我留下很深印象，纳威除了草药课之外其它成绩都很差，他还特别健忘，在我们的教育体系中，是典型的差生、落后分子。

  尽管纳威外表反应迟钝，但内心刚强，随着他逐渐长大这一点也越发明显。在最后的大战中杀死了魂器之一的大蛇纳吉尼，为战争做出了卓越的贡献。并在成年后成为了霍格沃茨的一位有声望的教授。

  镰田医生的一句话让我印象深刻：“我觉得还有一件事比诊断那些孩子是否是LD更为重要，那就是发现孩子身上独一无二的长处。”

  只要稍稍改变一下生活方式，与人稍有不同的地方，便可能变为独特的才能。

  我们成年人总是只看到孩子不足的一面，在许多场景上对小孩发怒，这样不仅会挫伤孩子的自尊心，对小孩的成长也很不利。我们设想一下，我们与人相处时，如果能发现对方的长处，就会很快活，如果盯着对方的缺点，也会很难受。对待小孩这就更重要了，正因为他们是孩子，我们必须发现他们的优点并加以肯定，他们才能不断成长。

  多给小孩宽容

  镰田医生想上大学，报考医学部。他父亲却说“没必要”，因为认定上大学是不可想象的事，没钱绝对上不了。因为这事，他跟父亲产生了隔阂。自己有了小孩后，自以为是一个好父亲，没想到被17岁的女儿说：“我讨厌爸爸！”又去问儿子，竟然回答是“我只不过嘴上没说而已……”遭遇了双重打击！感慨自己是个不称职的父亲。因为是对小孩不宽容，忙于自己的工作，没有和孩子们一起度过美好时光。

  联想到自己，应该说是生活在幸福中，有一份稳定的工作，幸福的家庭，但其实内心经常充满着暴力，而且这样暴力会时不时的发泄到老人、老婆和小孩身上。

  当你看到伊拉克、坦桑尼亚、阿富汗等难民营令人心酸的一幕幕的时候，你会重新审视自己的生活，你会意识到不用每天在空袭和地雷的威胁下活着是多么的幸福。

  我深深觉得，现在这个社会亟需温柔体贴。其实，每个人应该都很温柔，只是在现在这种生活步调中，都被消磨殆尽了。这样一来，大家都变得自私自利，以后将活在“要是我温柔一点就好了”的悔恨中。即使面对自己的家人也一样。

  我真切地体会到这世界需要和善。其实，我们每个人都是和善的。但现在的生活节奏很快，为了不落伍，人们变得越来越以自己为中心，然而过后又后悔：“当初我真该对他再好些。”对自己的家人也是如此。

  孩子的成长，需要一个好的环境，一个好的教育，也需要一个好的爸爸。这一点是作为父亲的我是不能忘记的，为保护孩子，我也需要不断进步，不断告诫自己：“尽我所能，成为一个孩子们尊敬和爱戴的爸爸。”